Premium
Synthesis of Functional Monosilanes by Disilane Cleavage with Phosphonium Chlorides
Author(s) -
Santowski Tobias,
Sturm Alexander G.,
Lewis Kenrick M.,
Felder Thorsten,
Holthausen Max C.,
Auner Norbert
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201805787
Subject(s) - disilane , chemistry , cleavage (geology) , phosphonium , silane , chloride , bifunctional , medicinal chemistry , catalysis , hydrogen chloride , phosphorus pentachloride , halide , inorganic chemistry , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , materials science , fracture (geology) , composite material
The Müller–Rochow direct process (DP) for the large‐scale production of methylchlorosilanes Me n SiCl 4− n ( n =1–3) generates a disilane residue (Me n Si 2 Cl 6− n , n =1–6, DPR) in thousands of tons annually. This report is on methylchlorodisilane cleavage reactions with use of phosphonium chlorides as the cleavage catalysts and reaction partners to preferably obtain bifunctional monosilanes Me x SiH y Cl z ( x= 2, y = z= 1; x , y= 1, z= 2; x = z= 1, y= 2). Product formation is controlled by the reaction temperature, the amount of phosphonium chloride employed, the choice of substituents at the phosphorus atom, and optionally by the presence of hydrogen chloride, dissolved in ethers, in the reaction mixture. Replacement of chloro by hydrido substituents at the disilane backbone strongly increases the overall efficiency of disilane cleavage, which allows nearly quantitative silane monomer formation under comparably moderate conditions. This efficient workup of the DPR thus not only increases the economic value of the DP, but also minimizes environmental pollution.