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Reduced Graphene Oxide Chemically Modified with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Polymer for Solid‐State Optical Limiter
Author(s) -
Liu Zhiwei,
Dong Ningning,
Jiang Peng,
Wang Kexin,
Wang Jun,
Chen Yu
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201804224
Subject(s) - graphene , materials science , oxide , methyl methacrylate , polymer , poly(methyl methacrylate) , covalent bond , fluorene , chemical engineering , photochemistry , polymer chemistry , nanotechnology , polymerization , organic chemistry , chemistry , composite material , engineering , metallurgy
Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) materials are usually not suitable for constructing solid nonlinear optical (NLO) devices because strong solid‐state aggregation behavior would shorten the excited‐state lifetime, add relaxation pathways, and thereby reduce effective NLO absorption. To address this problem a newly synthesized AIE material, poly{[9,9‐bis(6‐azidohexyl)‐9 H ‐fluorene]‐ alt ‐(1,1,2,2‐tetraphenylethene)} (PAHFTP), was treated with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) to give the soluble derivative of poly[(9,9‐dihexyl‐9 H ‐fluorene)‐ alt ‐(1,1,2,2‐tetraphenylethene)] (PFTP) covalently grafted onto RGO (PFTP‐RGO). Upon covalent grafting of PAHFTP onto the RGO surface, about 91.89 % of the fluorescence intensity of the PAHFTP film was quenched due to electron transfer from PFTP to RGO, which yielded PFTP .+ –RGO .− radical‐ion pairs. The as‐prepared PFTP‐RGO was embedded into a non‐optically active poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix to produce the PFTP‐RGO/PMMA film with good optical quality. As expected, the PAHFTP/PMMA film did not show any NLO response. In contrast to the PFTP‐RGO/PMMA and RGO/PMMA films, the annealed PFTP‐RGO/PMMA exhibited superior OL performance, with low OL thresholds of 0.24 GW cm −2 (1.44 J cm −2 ) at 532 nm and 0.18 GW cm −2 (1.08 J cm −2 ) at 1064 nm. The damage thresholds of the annealed PFTP‐RGO/PMMA film are around 33.88 J cm −2 at 900 μJ at 532 nm and 37.32 J cm −2 at 1000 μJ at 1064 nm, respectively.