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A Magnetic Chameleon: Biocompatible Lanthanide Fluoride Nanoparticles with Magnetic Field Dependent Tunable Contrast Properties as a Versatile Contrast Agent for Low to Ultrahigh Field MRI and Optical Imaging in Biological Window
Author(s) -
Biju Silvanose,
Gallo Juan,
BañobreLópez M.,
Manshian Bella B.,
Soenen Stefaan J.,
Himmelreich Uwe,
Vander Elst Luce,
ParacVogt Tatja.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201800283
Subject(s) - mri contrast agent , nanoparticle , lanthanide , materials science , biocompatibility , acrylic acid , surface modification , gadolinium , nuclear magnetic resonance , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , polymer , copolymer , ion , physics , metallurgy , composite material
A novel type of multimodal, magnetic resonance imaging/optical imaging (MRI/OI) contrast agent was developed, based on core–shell lanthanide fluoride nanoparticles composed of a β‐NaHoF4 core plus a β‐NaGdF4:Yb 3+ , Tm 3+ shell with an average size of ∼24 nm. The biocompatibility of the particles was ensured by a surface modification with poly acrylic acid (PAA) and further functionalization with an affinity ligand, folic acid (FA). When excited using 980 nm near infrared (NIR) radiation, the contrast agent (CA) shows intense emission at 802 nm with lifetime of 791±3 μs, due to the transition 3 H 4 → 3 H 6 of Tm 3+ . Proton nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion ( 1 H‐NMRD) studies and magnetic resonance (MR) phantom imaging showed that the newly synthesized nanoparticles, decorated with poly(acrylic acid) and folic acid on the surface (NP‐PAA‐FA), can act mainly as a T 1 ‐weighted contrast agent below 1.5 T, a T 1 / T 2 dual‐weighted contrast agent at 3 T, and as highly efficient T 2 ‐weighted contrast agent at ultrahigh fields. In addition, NP‐PAA‐FA showed very low cytotoxicity and no detectable cellular damage up to a dose of 500 μg mL −1 .