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Lanthanide Fluorobenzoates as Bio‐Probes: a Quest for the Optimal Ligand Fluorination Degree
Author(s) -
Kalyakina Alena S.,
Utochnikova Valentina V.,
Bushmarinov Ivan S.,
LeDeygen Irina M.,
Volz Daniel,
Weis Patrick,
Schepers Ute,
Kuzmitalia P.,
Bräse Stefan
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201703543
Subject(s) - europium , terbium , lanthanide , luminescence , solubility , quantum yield , aqueous solution , ligand (biochemistry) , chemistry , inorganic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , materials science , fluorescence , organic chemistry , ion , receptor , optoelectronics , quantum mechanics , biochemistry , physics
Abstract The thorough study of fluorinated benzoates of lanthanides (Eu, Tb, Nd, Er, Yb, Gd, La, Lu) is reported. Their composition in single crystal and powder state revealed two predominant structural motifs. An in‐depth luminescence study has been performed on the reported fluorobenzoates, showing, that terbium and europium complexes in solid state possess high luminescence intensity with the quantum yield of up to 69 %. High solubility in most organic solvents, as well as in water, combined with the high luminescence intensity in water solution and non‐toxicity allowed the testing of europium complexes as bioprobes in cellulo. Among all tested fluorobenzoates, europium 2‐fluorobenzoate dihydrate combined the best luminescent properties, thermodynamic stability, aqueous solubility, and non‐toxicity, and was shown to be a viable bio‐marker.