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A Quantitative Study of the Effects of Guest Flexibility on Binding Inside a Coordination Cage Host
Author(s) -
Taylor Christopher G. P.,
Cullen William,
Collier Olivia M.,
Ward Michael D.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201604796
Subject(s) - chemistry , docking (animal) , binding energy , ligand (biochemistry) , alkyl , interaction energy , crystallography , computational chemistry , supramolecular chemistry , stereochemistry , molecule , organic chemistry , physics , receptor , medicine , biochemistry , nursing , nuclear physics , crystal structure
We have performed a systematic investigation of the effects of guest flexibility on their ability to bind in the cavity of a coordination cage host in water, using two sets of isomeric aliphatic ketones that differ only in the branching patterns of their alkyl chains. Apart from the expected increase in binding strength for C 9 over C 7 ketones associated with their greater hydrophobic surface area, within each isomeric set there is a clear inverse correlation between binding free energy and guest flexibility, associated with loss of conformational entropy. This can be parameterized by the number of rotatable C−C bonds in the guest, with each additional rotatable bond resulting in a penalty of around 2 kJ mol −1 in the binding free energy, in good agreement with values obtained from protein/ligand binding studies. We used the binding data for the new flexible guests to improve the scoring function that we had previously developed that allowed us to predict binding constants of relatively rigid guests in the cage cavity using the molecular docking programme GOLD (Genetic Optimisation of Ligand Docking). This improved scoring function resulted in a significant improvement in the ability of GOLD to predict binding constants for flexible guests, without any detriment to its ability to predict binding for more rigid guests.