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Ascorbic Acid‐Assisted Synthesis of Mesoporous Sodium Vanadium Phosphate Nanoparticles with Highly sp 2 ‐Coordinated Carbon Coatings as Efficient Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Hung TaiFeng,
Cheng WeiJen,
Chang WenSheng,
Yang ChangChung,
Shen ChinChang,
Kuo YuLin
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201602066
Subject(s) - ascorbic acid , faraday efficiency , iron phosphate , materials science , calcination , vanadium , carbon fibers , mesoporous material , sodium , nanoparticle , electrochemistry , chemical engineering , sodium ion battery , cathode , inorganic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , phosphate , chemistry , nanotechnology , electrode , catalysis , organic chemistry , food science , composite material , composite number , engineering , metallurgy
Herein, mesoporous sodium vanadium phosphate nanoparticles with highly sp 2 ‐coordinated carbon coatings (meso‐Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C) were successfully synthesized as efficient cathode material for rechargeable sodium‐ion batteries by using ascorbic acid as both the reductant and carbon source, followed by calcination at 750 °C in an argon atmosphere. Their crystalline structure, morphology, surface area, chemical composition, carbon nature and amount were systematically explored. Following electrochemical measurements, the resultant meso‐Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C not only delivered good reversible capacity (98 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 ) and superior rate capability (63 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 ) but also exhibited comparable cycling performance (capacity retention: ≈74 % at 450 cycles at 0.4 A g −1 ). Moreover, the symmetrical sodium‐ion full cell with excellent reversibility and cycling stability was also achieved (capacity retention: 92.2 % at 0.1 A g −1 with 99.5 % coulombic efficiency after 100 cycles). These attributes are ascribed to the distinctive mesostructure for facile sodium‐ion insertion/extraction and their continuous sp 2 ‐coordinated carbon coatings, which facilitate electronic conduction.