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In Situ FTIR and NMR Spectroscopic Investigations on Ruthenium‐Based Catalysts for Alkene Hydroformylation
Author(s) -
Kubis Christoph,
Profir Irina,
Fleischer Ivana,
Baumann Wolfgang,
Selent Detlef,
Fischer Christine,
Spannenberg Anke,
Ludwig Ralf,
Hess Dieter,
Franke Robert,
Börner Armin
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201504051
Subject(s) - hydroformylation , ruthenium , ligand (biochemistry) , catalysis , chemistry , moiety , alkene , photochemistry , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , rhodium , stereochemistry , organic chemistry , biochemistry , receptor
Homogeneous ruthenium complexes modified by imidazole‐substituted monophosphines as catalysts for various highly efficient hydroformylation reactions were characterized by in situ IR spectroscopy under reaction conditions and NMR spectroscopy. A proper protocol for the preformation reaction from [Ru 3 (CO) 12 ] is decisive to prevent the formation of inactive ligand‐modified polynuclear complexes. During catalysis, ligand‐modified mononuclear ruthenium(0) carbonyls were detected as resting states. Changes in the ligand structure have a crucial impact on the coordination behavior of the ligand and consequently on the catalytic performance. The substitution of CO by a nitrogen atom of the imidazolyl moiety in the ligand is not a general feature, but it takes place when structural prerequisites of the ligand are fulfilled.