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Gd‐DTPA‐Dopamine‐Bisphytanyl Amphiphile: Synthesis, Characterisation and Relaxation Parameters of the Nanoassemblies and Their Potential as MRI Contrast Agents
Author(s) -
Gupta Abhishek,
Willis Scott A.,
Waddington Lynne J.,
StaitGardner Tim,
de Campo Liliana,
Hwang Dennis W.,
Kirby Nigel,
Price William S.,
Moghaddam Minoo J.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201501905
Subject(s) - amphiphile , liposome , relaxation (psychology) , chemistry , chelation , mri contrast agent , aqueous solution , gadolinium , nuclear magnetic resonance , organic chemistry , polymer , copolymer , psychology , social psychology , biochemistry , physics
Here, a new amphiphilic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, a Gd III ‐chelated diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid conjugated to two branched alkyl chains via a dopamine spacer, Gd‐DTPA‐dopamine‐bisphytanyl (Gd‐DTPA‐Dop‐Phy), which is readily capable of self‐assembling into liposomal nanoassemblies upon dispersion in an aqueous solution, is reported. In vitro relaxivities of the dispersions were found to be much higher than Magnevist, a commercially available contrast agent, at 0.47 T but comparable at 9.40 T. Analysis of variable temperature 17 O NMR transverse relaxation measurements revealed the water exchange of the nanoassemblies to be faster than that previously reported for paramagnetic liposomes. Molecular reorientation dynamics were probed by 1 H NMRD profiles using a classical inner and outer sphere relaxation model and a Lipari–Szabo “model‐free” approach. High payloads of Gd III ions in the liposomal nanoassemblies made solely from the Gd‐DTPA‐Dop‐Phy amphiphiles, in combination with slow molecular reorientation and fast water exchange makes this novel amphiphile a suitable candidate to be investigated as an advanced MRI contrast agent.