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A New Method for Quantitative Marking of Deposited Lithium by Chemical Treatment on Graphite Anodes in Lithium‐Ion Cells
Author(s) -
Krämer Yvonne,
Birkenmaier Claudia,
Feinauer Julian,
Hintennach Andreas,
Bender Conrad L.,
Meiler Markus,
Schmidt Volker,
Dinnebier Robert E.,
Schleid Thomas
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201406606
Subject(s) - anode , graphite , lithium (medication) , scanning electron microscope , materials science , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , powder diffraction , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , chemistry , metallurgy , composite material , electrode , chromatography , crystallography , medicine , engineering , endocrinology
A novel approach for the marking of deposited lithium on graphite anodes from large automotive lithium‐ion cells (≥6 Ah) is presented. Graphite anode samples were extracted from two different formats (cylindrical and pouch cells) of pristine and differently aged lithium‐ion cells. The samples present a variety of anodes with various states of lithium deposition (also known as plating). A chemical modification was performed to metallic lithium deposited on the anode surface due to previous plating with isopropanol (IPA). After this procedure an oxygenated species was detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which later was confirmed as Li 2 CO 3 by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD). A valuation of the covered area by Li 2 CO 3 was carried out with an image analysis using energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and quantitative Rietveld refinement.