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(Metallo)porphyrins as Potent Phototoxic Anti‐Cancer Agents after Irradiation with Red Light
Author(s) -
Antoni Philipp M.,
Naik Anu,
Albert Ina,
Rubbiani Riccardo,
Gupta Susmita,
RuizSanchez Pilar,
Munikorn Pornkanok,
Mateos José M.,
Luginbuehl Vera,
Thamyongkit Patchanita,
Ziegler Urs,
Gasser Gilles,
Jeschke Gunnar,
Spingler Bernhard
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201405470
Subject(s) - phototoxicity , porphyrin , electron paramagnetic resonance , photodynamic therapy , photochemistry , radical , chemistry , reactive oxygen species , irradiation , singlet oxygen , spin trapping , zinc , cytotoxicity , paramagnetism , photosensitizer , photosensitivity , oxygen , materials science , nuclear magnetic resonance , organic chemistry , biochemistry , in vitro , optoelectronics , physics , quantum mechanics , nuclear physics
Novel photoactive (metallo)porphyrins were synthesised and characterised. When irradiated with light at a wavelength greater than 600 nm, these porphyrins act as photosensitisers and show high cytotoxicity towards two different human cancer cell lines with IC 50 values down to 0.4 μ M . A paramagnetic copper(II) porphyrin is the first photosensitiser to display excellent phototoxicity, explained by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping of hydroxy radicals and experimentally confirmed by the discovery of elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside A2780 cells after irradiation with red light. This finding indicates that paramagnetic compounds should be considered for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Furthermore, an additive effect of cisplatin and a zinc porphyrin, both at subtherapeutic concentrations of 0.22 μ m, was observed.