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Controlled Synthesis of Nanoporous Nickel Oxide with Two‐Dimensional Shapes through Thermal Decomposition of Metal–Cyanide Hybrid Coordination Polymers
Author(s) -
Zakaria Mohamed B.,
Hu Ming,
Salunkhe Rahul R.,
Pramanik Malay,
Takai Kimiko,
Malgras Victor,
Choi Seyong,
Dou Shi Xue,
Kim Jung Ho,
Imura Masataka,
Ishihara Shinsuke,
Yamauchi Yusuke
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201404895
Subject(s) - nanoporous , materials science , non blocking i/o , trisodium citrate , nickel oxide , oxide , chemical engineering , calcination , thermal decomposition , cyanide , inorganic chemistry , coordination polymer , polymer , nanotechnology , catalysis , chemistry , organic chemistry , metallurgy , composite material , engineering
The urgent need for nanoporous metal oxides with highly crystallized frameworks is motivating scientists to try to discover new preparation methods, because of their wide use in practical applications. Recent work has demonstrated that two‐dimensional (2D) cyanide‐bridged coordination polymers (CPs) are promising materials and appropriate for this purpose ( Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013 , 52 , 1235). After calcination, 2D CPs can be transformed into nanoporous metal oxides with a highly accessible surface area. Here, this strategy is adopted in order to form 2D nanoporous nickel oxide (NiO) with tunable porosity and crystallinity, using trisodium citrate dihydrate as a controlling agent. The presence of trisodium citrate dihydrate plays a key role in the formation of 2D nanoflakes by controlling the nucleation rate and the crystal growth. The size of the nanoflakes gradually increases by augmenting the amount of trisodium citrate dihydrate in the reaction. After heating the as‐prepared CPs in air at different temperatures, nanoporous NiO can be obtained. During this thermal treatment, organic units (carbon and nitrogen) are completely removed and only the metal content remains to take part in the formation of nanoporous NiO. In the case of large‐sized 2D CP nanoflakes, the original 2D flake‐shapes are almost retained, even after thermal treatment at low temperature, but they are completely destroyed at high temperature because of further crystallization in the framework. Nanoporous NiO with high surface area shows significant efficiency and interesting results for supercapacitor application.