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A Bis(pyridine N ‐oxide) Analogue of DOTA: Relaxometric Properties of the Gd III Complex and Efficient Sensitization of Visible and NIR‐Emitting Lanthanide(III) Cations Including Pr III and Ho III
Author(s) -
Martins André F.,
Eliseeva Svetlana V.,
Carvalho Henrique F.,
Teixeira João M. C.,
Paula Carlos T. B.,
Hermann Petr,
PlatasIglesias Carlos,
Petoud Stephane,
Tóth Éva,
Geraldes Carlos F. G. C.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201403856
Subject(s) - cyclen , lanthanide , chemistry , dota , aqueous solution , crystallography , ligand (biochemistry) , pyridine , paramagnetism , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , ion , chelation , stereochemistry , inorganic chemistry , medicinal chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , biochemistry , receptor , quantum mechanics
Abstract We report the synthesis of a cyclen‐based ligand (4,10‐bis[(1‐oxidopyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,7‐diacetic acid= L1 ) containing two acetate and two 2‐methylpyridine N ‐oxide arms anchored on the nitrogen atoms of the cyclen platform, which has been designed for stable complexation of lanthanide(III) ions in aqueous solution. Relaxometric studies suggest that the thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness of the Gd III complex may be sufficient for biological applications. A detailed structural study of the complexes by 1 H NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations indicates that they adopt an anti ‐Δ(λλλλ) conformation in aqueous solution, that is, an anti ‐square antiprismatic ( anti ‐SAP) isomeric form, as demonstrated by analysis of the 1 H NMR paramagnetic shifts induced by Yb III . The water‐exchange rate of the Gd III complex is ${k{{298\hfill \atop {\rm ex}\hfill}}}$ =6.7×10 6 s −1 , about a quarter of that for the mono‐oxidopyridine analogue, but still about 50 % higher than the ${k{{298\hfill \atop {\rm ex}\hfill}}}$ of GdDOTA (DOTA=1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid). The 2‐methylpyridine N ‐oxide chromophores can be used to sensitize a wide range of Ln III ions emitting in both the visible (Eu III and Tb III ) and NIR (Pr III , Nd III , Ho III , Yb III ) spectral regions. The emission quantum yield determined for the Yb III complex ( ${Q{{{\rm L}\hfill \atop {\rm Yb}\hfill}}}$ =7.3(1)×10 −3 ) is among the highest ever reported for complexes of this metal ion in aqueous solution. The sensitization ability of the ligand, together with the spectroscopic and relaxometric properties of its complexes, constitute a useful step forward on the way to efficient dual probes for optical imaging (OI) and MRI.