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Silver‐Free Two‐Component Approach in Gold Catalysis: Activation of [LAuCl] Complexes with Derivatives of Copper, Zinc, Indium, Bismuth, and Other Lewis Acids
Author(s) -
Fang Weizhen,
Presset Marc,
Guérinot Amandine,
Bour Christophe,
BezzenineLafollée Sophie,
Gandon Vincent
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201304831
Subject(s) - chemistry , cationic polymerization , lewis acids and bases , catalysis , indium , bismuth , phosphine , zinc , halide , copper , scavenger , transition metal , polymer chemistry , chloride , metal , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , radical
Abstract Complexes of type [LAuCl] (L=phosphine, phosphite, NHC and others) are widely employed in homogeneous catalysis, however, they are usually inactive as such and must be used jointly with a halide scavenger. To date, this role has mostly been entrusted to silver salts (AgSbF 6 , AgPF 6 , AgBF 4 , AgOTf, etc.). However, silver salts can be the source of deactivation processes or side reactions, so it is sometimes advisable to use silver‐free cationic gold complexes, which can be difficult to synthesize and to handle compared with the more robust chloride. We show in this study that various Lewis acids of the transition and main group metal families are expedient substitutes to silver salts. We have tested Cu I , Cu II , Zn II , In III , Si IV , Bi III , and other salts in a variety of typical Au I ‐catalyzed transformations, and the results have revealed that [LAuCl] can form active species in their presence.