Premium
Lanthanoid–Transition‐Metal Bonding in Bismetallocenes
Author(s) -
Butovskii Mikhail V.,
Oelkers Benjamin,
Bauer Tobias,
Bakker Jacinta M.,
Bezugly Viktor,
Wagner Frank R.,
Kempe Rhett
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201304125
Subject(s) - chemistry , lanthanide , steric effects , ligand (biochemistry) , ionic radius , delocalized electron , metathesis , alkane , transition metal , lewis acids and bases , salt metathesis reaction , cyclopentadienyl complex , crystallography , stereochemistry , catalysis , organic chemistry , ion , polymerization , polymer , biochemistry , receptor
Bismetallocenes [Cp 2 LuReCp 2 ] and [Cp* 2 LaReCp 2 ] (Cp=cyclopentadienyl; Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) were prepared using different synthetic strategies. Salt metathesis—performed in aromatic hydrocarbons to avoid degradation pathways caused by THF—were identified as an attractive alternative to alkane elimination. Although alkane elimination is more attractive in the sense of its less elaborate workup, the rate of the reaction shows a strong dependence on the ionic radius of Ln 3+ (Ln=lanthanide) within a given ligand set. Steric hindrance can cause a dramatic decrease in the reaction rate of alkane elimination. In this case, salt metathesis should be considered the better alternative. Covalent bonding interactions between the Ln and transition‐metal (TM) cations has been quantified on the basis of the delocalization index. Its magnitude lies within the range characteristic for bonds between transition metals. Secondary interactions were identified between carbon atoms of the Cp ligand of the transition metal and the Ln cation. Model calculations clearly indicated that the size of these interactions depends on the capability of the TM atom to act as an electron donor (i.e., a Lewis base). The consequences can even be derived from structural details. The observed clear dependency of the LuRu and interfragment LuC bonding on the THF coordination of the Lu atom points to a tunable Lewis acidity at the Ln site, which provides a method of significantly influencing the structure and the interfragment bonding.