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Mesoporous Anatase TiO 2 Nanorods as Thermally Robust Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries: Detailed Insight into the Formation Mechanism
Author(s) -
Seisenbaeva Gulaim A.,
Nedelec JeanMarie,
Daniel Geoffrey,
Tiseanu Carmen,
Parvulescu Vasile,
Pol Vilas G.,
Abrego Luis,
Kessler Vadim G.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201303283
Subject(s) - anatase , nanorod , materials science , mesoporous material , anode , chemical engineering , porosity , rutile , ion , thermal stability , specific surface area , nanotechnology , nanoscopic scale , electrode , composite material , catalysis , chemistry , photocatalysis , biochemistry , organic chemistry , engineering
Uniformly mesoporous and thermally robust anatase nanorods were produced with quantitative yield by a simple and efficient one‐step approach. The mechanism of this process was revealed by insertion of Eu 3+ cations from the reaction medium as luminescent probes. The obtained structure displays an unusually high porosity, an active surface area of about 300 m 2 g −1 and a specific capacity of 167 mA h g −1 at a C/3 rate, making it attractive as an anode electrode for Li‐ion batteries. An additional attractive feature is its remarkable thermal stability; heating to 400 °C results in a decrease in the active surface area to a still relatively high value of 110 m 2 g −1 with conservation of open mesoporosity. Thermal treatment at 800 °C or higher, however, causes transformation into a non‐porous rutile monolith, as commonly observed with nanoscale titania.