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How Many Molecular Layers of Polar Solvent Molecules Control Chemistry? The Concept of Compensating Dipoles
Author(s) -
Langhals Heinz,
Braun Patricia,
Dietl Christian,
Mayer Peter
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201300770
Subject(s) - polarity (international relations) , solvent , polar , dipole , chemical physics , chemical polarity , molecule , chemistry , thin film , volume (thermodynamics) , layer (electronics) , phase (matter) , materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , nanotechnology , physics , biochemistry , astronomy , cell
The extension of the solvent influence of the shell into the volume of a polar medium was examined by means of anti ‐collinear dipoles on the basis of the E T (30) solvent polarity scale (i.e., the molar energy of excitation of a pyridinium‐ N ‐phenolatebetaine dye; generally: E T =28 591 nm kcal mol −1 / λ max ) where no compensation effects were found. As a consequence, solvent polarity effects are concentrated to a very thin layer of a few thousand picometres around the solute where extensions into the bulk solvent become unimportant. A parallelism to the thin surface layer of water to the gas phase is discussed.