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One‐Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Carboxyl‐Functionalized Upconversion Phosphors for Bioapplications
Author(s) -
Yang Jianping,
Shen Dengke,
Li Xiaomin,
Li Wei,
Fang Yin,
Wei Yong,
Yao Chi,
Tu Bo,
Zhang Fan,
Zhao Dongyuan
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201202336
Subject(s) - photon upconversion , materials science , oxalic acid , hydrothermal circulation , luminescence , phosphor , thermogravimetric analysis , hexagonal phase , nanocrystal , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , hydrothermal synthesis , chemical engineering , fluorescence , nanotechnology , phase (matter) , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , optics , physics , engineering
In this paper, we report a facile one‐step hydrothermal method to synthesize phase‐, size‐, and shape‐controlled carboxyl‐functionalized rare‐earth fluorescence upconversion phosphors by using a small‐molecule binary acid, such as malonic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, or tartaric acid as capping agent. The crystals, from nano‐ to microstructures with diverse shapes that include nanospheres, microrods, hexagonal prisms, microtubes, microdisks, polygonal columns, and hexagonal tablets, can be obtained with different reaction times, reaction temperatures, molar ratios of capping agent to sodium hydroxide, and by varying the binary acids. Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, and upconversion luminescence spectra measurements indicate that the synthesized NaYF 4 :Yb/Er products with hydrophilic carboxyl‐functionalized surface offer efficient upconversion luminescent performance. Furthermore, the antibody/secondary antibody conjugation can be realized by the carboxyl‐functionalized surfaces of the upconversion phosphors, thus indicating the potential bioapplications of these kinds of materials.