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Luminescent Organoplatinum(II) Complexes with Functionalized Cyclometalated C^N^C Ligands: Structures, Photophysical Properties, and Material Applications
Author(s) -
Kui Steven C. F.,
Hung FaanFung,
Lai ShiuLun,
Yuen MaiYan,
Kwok ChiChung,
Low KamHung,
Chui Stephen SinYin,
Che ChiMing
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201101880
Subject(s) - carbazole , fluorene , thiophene , deprotonation , chemistry , platinum , photochemistry , luminescence , crystallography , excited state , moiety , stereochemistry , materials science , polymer , organic chemistry , ion , catalysis , physics , optoelectronics , nuclear physics
A series of [(R′‐C^N^C‐R′′)Pt(L)] complexes with doubly deprotonated cyclometalated R′‐C^N^C‐R′′ ligands (R′‐C^N^C‐R′′=2,6‐diphenylpyridine derivatives) functionalized with carbazole, fluorene, or thiophene unit(s) have been synthesized and their photophysical properties studied. The X‐ray crystal structures reveal extensive intermolecular π⋅⋅⋅π and CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions between the cyclometalated C^N^C ligands. Compared to previously reported cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes [(C^N^C)Pt(L)], which are non‐emissive in solution at room temperature, the carbazole‐, fluorene‐ and thiophene‐functionalized [(R′‐C^N^C‐R′′)Pt(L)] (L=DMSO 1 – 9 , CNAr, 1 a – 9 a ) complexes are emissive in solution at room temperature with λ max at 564–619 nm and Φ =0.02–0.26. The emissions of the [(R′‐C^N^C‐R′′)Pt(L)] complexes are attributed to electronic excited states with mixed 3 M LCT and 3 IL character. The carbazole/fluorene/thiophene unit(s) allow the tuning of the electronic properties of the [(R′‐C^N^C‐R′′)Pt] moiety, with the emission maxima in a range of 564–619 nm. These are the first examples of organoplatinum(II) complexes bearing doubly deprotonated cyclometalated C^N^C ligands that are emissive in solution at room temperature. In non‐degassed DMSO, the emission intensities of 6 a – 9 a are enhanced upon exposure to ambient light. This phenomenon is caused by reacting photogenerated 1 O 2 with a DMSO molecule to form dimethyl sulfone, leading to the removal of dissolved oxygen in solution. Self‐assembled nanowires and nanorods are obtained from precipitation of 3 a in THF/H 2 O and 8 a in DMSO/Et 2 O, respectively. The [(R′‐C^N^C‐R′′)Pt(L)] complexes are soluble in common organic solvents with a high thermal stability (>300 °C), rendering them as phosphorescent dopants for organic light‐emitting diode (OLEDs) applications. Red OLEDs with CIE coordinates of (0.65±0.01, 0.35±0.01) were fabricated from 7 a or 8 a . A maximum external efficiency ( η Ext ) of 12.6 % was obtained for the device using 8 a as emitter.