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Ultrahigh Density Arrays of Toroidal ZnO Nanostructures by One‐Step Cooperative Self‐Assembly Processes: Mechanism of Structural Evolution and Hybridization with Au Nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Jang Yoon Hee,
Yang Seung Yun,
Jang Yu Jin,
Park Cheolmin,
Kim Jin Kon,
Kim Dong Ha
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201002912
Subject(s) - materials science , nanostructure , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , calcination , wurtzite crystal structure , zinc , chemistry , organic chemistry , engineering , metallurgy , catalysis
A quick protocol for the fabrication of ultrahigh density arrays of toroidal ZnO nanostructures with tailored structures on a substrate surface is presented based on the one‐step spin coating of a common solution composed of inverse micelles of polystyrene‐ block ‐poly(4‐vinyl pyridine) copolymers (PS‐ b ‐P4VP) and sol–gel precursors without the need of conventional complex lithographic techniques. ZnO toroids decorated with gold nanoparticles are also obtained by subsequent loading and reduction of metallic precursors. It was elucidated that the diethanolamine moiety in the sol–gel precursors, which induces selective swelling and structural reorganization of the P4VP core blocks, plays a key role in the generation of toroidal nanostructures. Toroidal ZnO nanostructures embedded in a PS‐ b ‐P4VP matrix films or arrays of pure wurtzite ZnO nanorings are obtained by calcination under inert atmosphere. The structural parameters of the toroidal nanostructures such as the width, height, diameter of the rims as well as the spacing of their 2D arrays are controlled by employing PS‐ b ‐P4VP with different molecular weight and varying the mixing protocols.