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Liquid‐Phase Epitaxy of Multicomponent Layer‐Based Porous Coordination Polymer Thin Films of [M(L)(P)0.5] Type: Importance of Deposition Sequence on the Oriented Growth
Author(s) -
Zacher Denise,
Yusenko Kirill,
Bétard Angèlique,
Henke Sebastian,
Molon Mariusz,
Ladnorg Tatjana,
Shekhah Osama,
Schüpbach Björn,
de los Arcos Teresa,
Krasnopolski Michael,
Meilikhov Mikhail,
Winter Jörg,
Terfort Andreas,
Wöll Christof,
Fischer Roland A.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201002381
Subject(s) - materials science , deposition (geology) , layer (electronics) , epitaxy , monolayer , phase (matter) , crystallography , chemical engineering , polymer , linker , porosity , ligand (biochemistry) , nanotechnology , chemistry , composite material , organic chemistry , receptor , paleontology , biochemistry , sediment , computer science , engineering , biology , operating system
The progressive liquid‐phase layer‐by‐layer (LbL) growth of anisotropic multicomponent layer‐based porous coordination polymers (PCPs) of the general formula [M(L)(P) 0.5 ] (M: Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ ; L: dicarboxylate linker; P: dinitrogen pillar ligand) was investigated by using either pyridyl‐ or carboxyl‐terminated self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold substrates as templates. It was found that the deposition of smooth, highly crystalline, and oriented multilayer films of these PCPs depends on the conditions at the early growth cycles. In the case of a two‐step process with an equimolar mixture of L and P, growth along the [001] direction is strongly preferred. However, employing a three‐step scheme with full separation of all components allows deposition along the [100] direction on carboxyl‐terminated SAMs. Interestingly, the growth of additional layers on top of previously grown oriented seeding layers proved to be insensitive to the particular growth scheme and full retention of the initial orientation, either along the [001] or [100] direction, was observed. This homo‐ and heteroepitaxial LbL growth allows full control over the orientation and the layer sequence, including introduction of functionalized linkers and pillars.