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Formation of Diverse Mesophases Templated by a Diprotic Anionic Surfactant
Author(s) -
Gao Chuanbo,
Sakamoto Yasuhiro,
Terasaki Osamu,
Che Shunai
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.200800766
Subject(s) - mesophase , tetragonal crystal system , pulmonary surfactant , chemistry , crystallography , chemical engineering , crystal structure , organic chemistry , phase (matter) , biochemistry , engineering
The synthesis system for mesophase formation, using the diprotic anionic surfactant N ‐myristoyl‐ L ‐glutamic acid (C 14 GluA) as the structure‐directing agent (SDA) and N ‐trimethoxylsilylpropyl‐ N,N,N ‐trimethylammonium chloride (TMAPS) as the co‐structure‐directing agent (CSDA), has been investigated and a full‐scaled synthesis‐field diagram is presented. In this system we have obtained mesophases including three‐dimensional (3D) micellar cubic Fm $\bar 3$ m , Pm $\bar 3$ n , Fd $\bar 3$ m , micellar tetragonal P 4 2 / mnm , two‐dimensional (2D) hexagonal p 6 mm and bicontinuous cubic Pn $\bar 3$ m , by varying the C 14 GluA/NaOH/TMAPS composition ratios. From the diagram it can be concluded that the mesophase formation is affected to a high degree by the organic/inorganic‐interface curvature and the mesocage–mesocage electrostatic interaction. Bicontinuous cubic and 2D‐hexagonal phases were found in the low organic/inorganic‐interface curvature zones, whereas micellar cubic and tetragonal mesophases were found in the high organic/inorganic‐interface curvature zones. Formation of cubic Fm $\bar 3$ m and tetragonal P 4 2 / mnm was favoured in highly alkaline zones with strong mesocage–mesocage interactions, and formation of cubic Pm $\bar 3$ n and Fd $\bar 3$ m was favoured with moderate mesocage–mesocage interactions in the less alkaline zones of the diagram.