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Quantification of pollution levels by multiway modelling
Author(s) -
Flåten Geir Rune,
Grung Bjørn,
Kvalheim Olav M.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of chemometrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.47
H-Index - 92
eISSN - 1099-128X
pISSN - 0886-9383
DOI - 10.1002/cem.855
Subject(s) - pollution , environmental science , benthic zone , environmental monitoring , environmental pollution , environmental stress , environmental engineering , ecology , environmental protection , oceanography , geology , biology
Environmental surveys are performed regularly in environmental monitoring of possible industrial pollution. The seabed pollution from industry in or near water, e.g. offshore oil production, can be biologically monitored as benthic species, and their diversity can be used as indicators of pollution. The community disturbance index (CDI) was recently proposed as a quantitative measure of pollution calculated from the benthic data. However, the CDI and other measurements are not optimal for quantifying the changes in level of environmental stress over several years. In this work it is suggested that the total environmental stress over several monitoring surveys can be determined by modelling the natural variation for a set of non‐polluted sites. The suggested approach uses a multiway method (Tucker3) to describe the natural variation, and the three‐way extension of CDI to quantify the pollution. Implicitly, the traditional soft independent modelling of class analogies (SIMCA) classification is extended to its three‐way counterpart. The proposed method is tested on the data from four subsequent surveys performed at the North Sea oil field Embla. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.