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Template‐Induced Self‐Activation Route for Hierarchical Porous Carbon Derived from Interpenetrating Polymer Networks as Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
Author(s) -
Chen XiWen,
Gao JianFei,
Hu Bing,
Li Kai,
Kong LingBin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201900020
Subject(s) - supercapacitor , materials science , carbonization , carbon fibers , specific surface area , chemical engineering , polymer , phenol formaldehyde resin , capacitance , pyrolysis , electrode , composite material , nanotechnology , phenol , organic chemistry , chemistry , catalysis , composite number , engineering , scanning electron microscope
Hierarchical porous textures of carbon‐based electrode materials are advantageous for applications in supercapacitors, owing to their reasonable pore size distribution and large surface area. In this work, a facile yet effective one‐step carbonization method for the preparation of hierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) derived from interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of phenol‐formaldehyde resin (PF) and sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) is proposed. Phenol‐formaldehyde prepolymer can be introduced into the inter network space of PAAS to form IPNs in which only hydrogen‐bonding interactions exist between them. During the carbonization process of IPNs, the PF networks tend to form a carbon matrix, which generates large amounts of micropores. While the PAAS evaporates into gaseous products, serving as a template for micro‐, meso‐, and macropores. Due to such synergistic effects, a carbon material with a large surface area of 1764 m 2 g −1 and a large pore volume of 1.111 cm 3 g −1 is constructed with an interconnected hierarchical porous carbon network structure. With such unique carbon structure characteristics, the electrode material of HPC delivers a high specific capacitance of 201 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 and excellent cyclability of approximately 100 % of capacitance retention after 10000 cycles. The ideal capacitive behavior from IPNs provides new insights for the production of carbonaceous materials for high‐performance supercapacitors applications.