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High‐Voltage Stability of Ionic‐Liquid‐Based Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitors with a Bimodal Porous Carbon Electrode
Author(s) -
Aref Amir Reza,
Rajagopalan Ramakrishnan,
Randall Clive A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201801044
Subject(s) - microporous material , electrode , materials science , electrolyte , carbon fibers , capacitance , electrochemistry , ionic liquid , mesoporous material , chemical engineering , capacitor , composite material , voltage , chemistry , organic chemistry , composite number , electrical engineering , engineering , catalysis
Micropores (<2 nm) and small mesopores (width between 2 and 10 nm) in the structure of carbon play an important role in determining both the charge storage properties and voltage stability of ionic‐liquid‐based electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). We demonstrate that the use of bimodal porous carbon electrodes results in excellent voltage stability and good capacitance retention (>90 %), as determined by using voltage holding tests at 3.5 V over 250 h. Furthermore, a three‐electrode split cell study showed that the voltage stability in bimodal carbon was achieved because of more symmetric potential distribution and similar electrode capacitances between the positive and negative electrodes as compared to purely microporous carbon electrode. The presence of larger mesopores (5–10 nm) in the bimodal carbon facilitates the access and rearrangement of the bulkier cations at the electrode/electrolyte interface, whereas this is severely hindered in purely microporous carbon electrode. By using a lumped transmission line model, we delineated the contribution of both smaller and larger pores in the bimodal carbon towards the impedance performance of EDLCs.