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Multi‐Enzyme Immobilized Anodes Utilizing Maltose Fuel for Biofuel Cell Applications
Author(s) -
Yasujima Reiho,
Yasueda Kengo,
Horiba Tatsuo,
Komaba Shinichi
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201800370
Subject(s) - maltose , bilirubin oxidase , glucose oxidase , chemistry , chemical engineering , immobilized enzyme , dispersant , materials science , organic chemistry , dispersion (optics) , enzyme , physics , optics , engineering
Multi‐enzyme immobilized carbon‐felt electrodes are fabricated for application as a bioanode in biofuel cells to utilize both maltose and glucose as the fuel. The unique combination of three enzymes (maltase, mutarotase, and glucose oxidase) enables us to utilize maltose as the fuel for the bioanode. The new electrode based on carbon felt (CF) demonstrates a high oxidation current density of 6.5 mA cm −2 at 0.34 V vs. Ag/AgCl in a neutral phosphate buffer solution containing 0.025 mol dm −3 (≡M) maltose in a half‐cell configuration. Furthermore, we improve the bioanode performance by changing the surfactant from cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to Triton X‐100® (TX), which is used as a carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersant in the bioanode preparation process. A superior current density of 17 mA cm −2 at 0.34 V vs. Ag/AgCl is demonstrated with the multi‐enzyme bioanode by using TX as the CNT dispersant, owing to the good dispersion of CNTs attached to CF and the reduced deactivation and leakage of the enzymes. A maltose/O 2 biofuel cell, composed of the multi‐enzyme immobilized bioanode and a biocathode based on bilirubin oxidase and mediator, delivers a maximum power density of 2.3 mW cm −2 and an open‐circuit voltage of 0.69 V in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution containing 50 mM maltose.