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V 2 O 3 Polycrystalline Nanorod Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries with Long Cycle Life and High Capacity Retention
Author(s) -
McNulty David,
Buckley D. Noel,
O'Dwyer Colm
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201700202
Subject(s) - cathode , materials science , nanorod , anode , crystallite , chemical engineering , electrochemistry , thermal treatment , faraday efficiency , thermal stability , vanadium , nanocrystal , vanadium oxide , electrode , nanotechnology , composite material , metallurgy , chemistry , engineering
We report on the electrochemical performance of V 2 O 3 polycrystalline nanorods (poly‐NRs) as a cathode material for Li‐ion batteries. Poly‐NRs are formed through the thermal treatment of V 2 O 5 nanotubes in a N 2 atmosphere. X‐ray and electron diffraction techniques are used to confirm the thermal reduction. Through galvanostatic cycling, we demonstrate that poly‐NRs offer excellent capacity retention over 750 cycles. The capacity retention from the 50 th to the 750 th cycle was an impressive 94 %, retaining a capacity of approximately 120 mAh g −1 after 750 cycles. The outstanding stability of the nanocrystal‐containing V 2 O 3 poly‐NRs over many cycles demonstrates that vanadium(III) oxide (V 2 O 3 ) performs very well as a cathode material. Full Li‐ion cells with paired a V 2 O 3 poly‐NR cathode and a pre‐charged Co 3 O 4 inverse opal (IO) conversion mode anode demonstrated high initial capacities and retained a capacity of 153 mAh g −1 after 50 cycles. The capacities achieved with our V 2 O 3 poly‐NRs/Co 3 O 4 IO full cells are comparable to the capacities obtained from the most commonly used cathode materials when cycled in a half‐cell arrangement versus pure Li metal.