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Ultrafine TiO 2 Nanoparticles Confined in N‐Doped Porous Carbon Networks as Anodes of High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Zhao Xuebo,
Yan Chunliu,
Gu Xin,
Li Liangjun,
Dai Pengcheng,
Li Dawei,
Zhang Hongyu
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201700159
Subject(s) - materials science , nanocomposite , carbonization , chemical engineering , anode , sodium ion battery , nanoparticle , mesoporous material , electrochemistry , carbon fibers , doping , nanotechnology , composite number , faraday efficiency , composite material , electrode , scanning electron microscope , chemistry , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , engineering , catalysis
TiO 2 ‐based nanocomposites with rationally designed size, structure, and composition are highly desirable for Na‐ion storage. In this work, various TiO 2 /N‐doped porous carbon nanocomposites (TiO 2 /NC) have been fabricated by directly carbonizing NH 2 ‐MIL‐125(Ti) at different temperatures. These TiO 2 /NC nanocomposites exhibit unique structure features, such as ultrafine TiO 2 nanoparticles, micro‐mesoporous structure, and N‐doped carbon coating, which can shorten the Na‐ion diffusion distance, enhance the electronic conductivity, and prevent nano‐sized TiO 2 from aggregation. When applied as sodium‐ion battery anodes, TiO 2 /NC‐600 exhibits the best sodium storage properties among the TiO 2 /NC nanocomposites produced at different carbonization temperatures. Correlations between electrochemical properties and size/structure/composition of the TiO 2 /NC nanocomposites are disclosed. TiO 2 /NC‐600 delivers a high reversible capacity of 190 mA h g −1 for up to 500 cycles at 1 C (1 C=335 mA g −1 ), an ultrahigh capacity of 76 mA h g −1 at a high rate of 20 C, and an excellent long‐term cycling stability with a capacity of 159 mA h g −1 retained after 2500 cycles at 5 C. The outstanding sodium storage performance of TiO 2 /NC‐600 is attributed to an appropriate crystalline structure, particle size, and high nitrogen‐doping content.