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Carbon Composites for a High‐Energy Lithium–Sulfur Battey with a Glyme‐Based Electrolyte
Author(s) -
Carbone Lorenzo,
Peng Jing,
Agostini Marco,
Gobet Mallory,
Devany Matthew,
Scrosati Bruno,
Greenbaum Steve,
Hassoun Jusef
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201600586
Subject(s) - electrolyte , lithium (medication) , materials science , cyclic voltammetry , dielectric spectroscopy , ionic conductivity , electrochemistry , chemical engineering , carbon fibers , lithium–sulfur battery , carbon nanotube , battery (electricity) , lithium battery , inorganic chemistry , ionic bonding , composite number , composite material , chemistry , electrode , ion , organic chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
A comparative study of sulfur composites using carbon of various natures, namely, graphite, mesocarbon microbeads, and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, is performed in lithium battery design and evaluation. Morphological and structural analyses, by means of SEM and XRD, cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling in lithium cells are employed for characterization of the materials. Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether containing lithium trifluoromethansulfonate is considered the preferred electrolyte for performing the electrochemical tests. Prior to use in cells, the electrolyte characteristics in terms of 1 H, 7 Li, and 19 F nuclei self‐diffusion coefficients, ionic conductivity, and ionic association degree are studied by combining NMR and impedance spectroscopy. The best lithium–sulfur composite reported herein achieves a capacity higher than 500 mAh g −1 over 140 cycles with no sign of dendrite formation or failure. This performance is considered sufficiently suitable for the development of high‐energy lithium batteries, in particular, considering the expected safety of the cells by employing a nonflammable glyme electrolyte instead of a conventional carbonate‐based one.