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Analyzing Electrochemiluminescence Mechanisms of Thiophene–Triazole–Thiophene Luminophores with In Situ Spectroscopy
Author(s) -
Li Michelle S. M.,
Chu Kenneth,
Price Jacquelyn T.,
Jones Nathan D.,
Ding Zhifeng
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201600237
Subject(s) - electrochemiluminescence , thiophene , differential pulse voltammetry , photochemistry , cyclic voltammetry , chemistry , luminophore , dimethylformamide , redox , ultraviolet visible spectroscopy , electrochemistry , luminescence , inorganic chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , electrode , solvent , optoelectronics
Herein, we report the electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) study of thiophene luminophores, 1‐[2,2′]bithiophenyl‐4‐yl‐4‐thiophen‐2‐yl‐1 H ‐[1,2,3]triazole (TTT) and 4‐thiophen‐2‐yl‐1‐thiophen‐3‐yl‐1 H ‐[1,2,3]triazole (TT), in N , N ‐dimethylformamide (DMF). Differential pulse voltammetry was used to determine the oxidation and reduction potentials of the two compounds. TTT and TT in DMF exhibited relatively weak ECL efficiencies following the annihilation mechanism. However, ECL was enhanced with co‐reactants, persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, and tri‐ n ‐propylamine. In these experiments, TTT displayed stronger ECL activity than TT, due to the quasireversible nature of the reduction reactions. Spooling ECL spectroscopy was utilized to gain analytical insight into light‐emission mechanisms. It was shown that whereas these two thiophene compounds could form photoinduced excited monomers, excimers were generated mainly in their co‐reactant ECL paths.