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Properties of Porous Carbon Derived from Cornstalk Core in High‐Performance Electrochemical Capacitors
Author(s) -
Liu Cuixian,
Han Gaoyi,
Chang Yunzhen,
Xiao Yaoming,
Li Miaoyu,
Zhou Wen,
Fu Dongying,
Hou Wenjing
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201500376
Subject(s) - materials science , electrochemistry , capacitor , capacitance , electrolyte , supercapacitor , porosity , power density , chemical engineering , electrode , capacitive sensing , aqueous solution , carbon fibers , specific surface area , composite material , chemistry , electrical engineering , organic chemistry , composite number , power (physics) , physics , voltage , quantum mechanics , engineering , catalysis
Abstract Cornstalk core, a renewable by‐product of agriculture, has been used as a carbon precursor to prepare high‐performance electrode materials used in electrochemical capacitors (ECs). The influences of temperature and the ratio of activator (KOH) to carbon ( m KOH / m C ) on the structures of porous carbon materials (PCMs) derived from cornstalk core have been investigated systematically. The PCM obtained at optimal conditions ( m KOH / m C =6, activated at 800 °C) exhibits a porous structure with a large specific surface area of 2139 m 2 g −1 and total pore volume of 1.16 cm 3 g −1 . Acting as an electrode material, the optimum PCM exhibits excellent capacitive performance with a specific capacitance of 317.0 F g −1 at a scan rate of 1 mV s −1 . More promising, a high power density of 28.3 kW kg −1 and energy density of 6.8 Wh kg −1 are achieved in 6 mol L −1 KOH aqueous electrolyte, as well as high‐rate capability and excellent cycling stability. The capacitor has a time constant of about 0.3 s, and could retain more than 93 % of its initial capacitance after 10 000 cyclic processes. This work proposes a potential biomass resource to produce effective porous carbons for high‐performance ECs.