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Synthesis of LiMn 2 O 4 with Outstanding Lithium‐Insertion Kinetics and Long‐Term Stability
Author(s) -
Laszczynski Nina,
von Zamory Jan,
Loeffler Nicholas,
Cho Gyu Bong,
Kim GukTae,
Passerini Stefano
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
chemelectrochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.182
H-Index - 59
ISSN - 2196-0216
DOI - 10.1002/celc.201402057
Subject(s) - calcination , materials science , lithium (medication) , dissolution , morphology (biology) , chemical engineering , kinetics , electrochemistry , mixing (physics) , mineralogy , chemistry , electrode , catalysis , medicine , physics , quantum mechanics , biology , biochemistry , engineering , genetics , endocrinology
A simple route for the synthesis of LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) at low calcination temperatures is proposed. The calcination temperature is known to influence the structure and surface morphology of LMO; therefore, materials synthesized at different temperatures are characterized by using different techniques. A correlation between the calcination temperature and the structure and surface morphology of the material is shown. The synthesis route described here works at low calcination temperatures (650 °C), which leads to LMO that has an excellent rate performance (110 mAh g −1 ) at a charge/discharge rate of 100 C, and avoids cation mixing, manganese dissolution, and Jahn–Teller distortion. The obtained morphology of octahedrons showing primarily (111) planes, ensures excellent electrochemical performance and stability.