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Precise Urea/Water Eutectic Composition by Temperature‐Resolved Second Harmonic Generation
Author(s) -
Yuan Lina,
Clevers Simon,
Couvrat Nicolas,
Cartigny Yohann,
Dupray Valérie,
Coquerel Gérard
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemical engineering and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.403
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-4125
pISSN - 0930-7516
DOI - 10.1002/ceat.201600032
Subject(s) - eutectic system , liquidus , differential scanning calorimetry , urea , aqueous solution , analytical chemistry (journal) , materials science , second harmonic generation , phase (matter) , chemistry , thermodynamics , chromatography , microstructure , metallurgy , optics , organic chemistry , physics , laser
The use of temperature‐resolved second harmonic generation (TR‐SHG) to determine the accurate eutectic composition between urea and water is illustrated. The TR‐SHG results were confirmed with differential scanning calorimetry and thermal stage microscopy observations. Due to the sensitivity of this technique, by precisely differentiating the liquidus temperature and the eutectic temperature, the eutectic composition was determined to be between 32.8 and 32.9 wt %, compared to 32.5 wt % for the commercial aqueous urea solution marketed for NO x concentration reduction. This study demonstrates that TR‐SHG is a promising tool for precisely determining the eutectic compositions of binary systems involving at least one non‐centrosymmetric phase.