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Nucleation Kinetics and Growth Model of Penicillin Sulfoxide in Butyl Acetate
Author(s) -
Jing D.,
Wang J.,
Zhang M.,
Wang Y.,
Xie C.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
chemical engineering and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.403
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-4125
pISSN - 0930-7516
DOI - 10.1002/ceat.201200731
Subject(s) - nucleation , chemistry , kinetics , sulfoxide , thermodynamics , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
Nucleation kinetics and a growth model of penicillin sulfoxide in butyl acetate were studied. Nucleation parameters such as energy per unit volume, radius of critical nucleus, critical free energy barrier, and nucleation rate were evaluated. A laser method was selected to detect the first crystal in induction period studies. By means of scanning electron microscopy and surface entropy factor, the growth model of penicillin sulfoxide developed from butyl acetate could be determined.