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Release of Gas‐Phase O 2 from Ilmenite during Chemical‐Looping Combustion Experiments
Author(s) -
Rydén M.,
Linderholm C.,
Markström P.,
Lyngfelt A.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemical engineering and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.403
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-4125
pISSN - 0930-7516
DOI - 10.1002/ceat.201200281
Subject(s) - chemical looping combustion , ilmenite , fluidization , combustion , solid fuel , manganese , chemistry , impurity , fluidized bed combustion , fluidized bed , chemical engineering , titanium , phase (matter) , materials science , mineralogy , metallurgy , organic chemistry , engineering
A concentrate of the naturally occurring mineral ilmenite has been found to release small amounts of gas‐phase O 2 during chemical‐looping combustion experiments at temperatures in the order of 950 °C. This is unexpected, but the effect has been verified by experiments in two different fluidized‐bed reactor systems. The O 2 release is small, resulting in approximately 0.1 vol % O 2 in the gas passing through the reactor beds. However, due to the presence of steam as combustion product and as fluidization medium for fuel reactor and loop seals during solid fuel experiments, considerable O 2 concentrations could be obtained if analyzed on dry basis. It is suggested that the reason for the experienced O 2 release could be the presence of small amounts of manganese in the sample or interactions between said impurities and iron or titanium oxides.