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Microfabricated Hydrogen Sensitive Membranes
Author(s) -
Naddaf A.,
Bart H.J.,
Krätz L.,
Detemple P.,
Schmitt S.,
Hessel V.,
Faqir N.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
chemical engineering and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.403
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-4125
pISSN - 0930-7516
DOI - 10.1002/ceat.200800389
Subject(s) - membrane , hydrogen , hydrogen purifier , palladium , permeation , chemical engineering , materials science , copper , silicon , substrate (aquarium) , carbon monoxide , sputtering , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , thin film , chromatography , nanotechnology , metallurgy , hydrogen production , organic chemistry , catalysis , biochemistry , oceanography , engineering , geology
Thin, defect‐free palladium, palladium/copper and palladium/silver hydrogen absorbing membranes were microfabricated. A dual sputtering technique was used to deposit the palladium alloy membranes of only 1 μm thickness on a nonporous silicon substrate. Advanced silicon etching (ASE) was applied on the backside to create a mechanically stable support structure for the thin films. Performance evaluation was carried out for different gases in a temperature range of 20 °C to 298 °C at a constant differential pressure of 110 kPa at the two sides of the membrane. The composite membranes show an excellent permeation rate of hydrogen, which appears to be 0.05 Pa m 3 s –1 and 0.01 · 10 –3 Pa m 3 s –1 at 20 °C for the microfabricated 23 % silver and the 53 % copper composite membranes, respectively. The selectivity to hydrogen over a gas mixture containing, in addition to hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen was measured. The mass spectrometer did not detect any CO 2 or CO, showing that the membrane is completely hydrogen selective. The microfabricated membranes exhibit both high mechanical strength (they easily withstand pressures up to 4 bar) and high thermal stability (up to 650 °C).