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Isobutene from Ethanol: Describing the Synergy between In 2 O 3 and m ‐ZrO 2
Author(s) -
Zonetti Priscila C.,
Bridi Vivian L.,
Gonzalez Guilherme G.,
Moreira Carla R.,
Alves Odivaldo C.,
de Avillez Roberto R.,
Appel Lucia G.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemcatchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.497
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1867-3899
pISSN - 1867-3880
DOI - 10.1002/cctc.201900633
Subject(s) - catalysis , chemistry , acetone , acetaldehyde , ethanol , pyridine , inorganic chemistry , heterogeneous catalysis , hydrogen , organic chemistry
The performances of In 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 , ZrO 2 and In 2 O 3 were evaluated in the synthesis of isobutene from ethanol in one‐step. These catalysts were characterized by XRD, EPR, TPD‐H 2 O, TPD‐NH 3 , TPD‐ethanol and pyridine adsorption. The In 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 catalyst is a promising catalytic system for the synthesis of isobutene from ethanol. The catalytic tests showed that acetone, hydrogen and carbon dioxide are the main co‐products of this synthesis. The In 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 catalyst can promote the synthesis of isobutene due to the inter‐diffusion process between In 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 . This phenomenon generates, among others, the Zr insertion and a high concentration of anionic vacancies in the In 2 O 3 lattice. This increases the In 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 redox properties leading to a high activity of this catalyst for the acetone generation, a key intermediate of the isobutene synthesis. These changes also promote the acid and basic properties of In 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 , which are in charge of the acetaldehyde synthesis, acetone condensation and, finally, dehydration of the intermediates of the isobutene synthesis.