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“Super Hydrocarbon Reformer Trap” for the Complete Oxidation of Toluene Using Iron‐Exchanged β‐Zeolite with a Low Silicon/Aluminum Ratio
Author(s) -
Kobatake Yasuhiro,
Momma Kiyofumi,
Elangovan Shanmugam P.,
Itabashi Keiji,
Okubo Tatsuya,
Ogura Masaru
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemcatchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.497
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1867-3899
pISSN - 1867-3880
DOI - 10.1002/cctc.201600550
Subject(s) - toluene , zeolite , adsorption , chemistry , oxygenate , hydrocarbon , desorption , metal , inorganic chemistry , silicon , ion exchange , aluminium , catalysis , ion , organic chemistry
This study examines the effects of the Si/Al ratio and metal cation exchange of a zeolite on the ability to adsorb and reform unburned hydrocarbons (HCs) in emissions from gasoline vehicles. Iron ion‐exchanged β‐zeolites with a low Si/Al ratio not only trap but also oxidize HCs efficiently, which spurred on the development of a “super HC reformer trap”. Toluene temperature‐programmed desorption experiments in an O 2 ‐containing stream revealed that >90 % of the adsorbed toluene was converted into CO 2 , and other oxygenates were not observed. This material could be reused and it retained its performance. The strong adsorption of toluene on the zeolites was derived from two synergistic effects: (1) electrostatic interactions between the π orbital of the aromatic ring and the p orbital of the metal cation and (2) interactions between the positively polarized methyl group of toluene and a basic oxygen atom in the zeolite framework. This new material will pave the way for low‐emission, Pt‐free vehicles.