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Direct Synthesis of Cyclic Imides from Carboxylic Anhydrides and Amines by Nb 2 O 5 as a Water‐Tolerant Lewis Acid Catalyst
Author(s) -
Ali Md. A.,
Moromi Sondomoyee K.,
Touchy Abeda S.,
Shimizu Kenichi
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemcatchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.497
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1867-3899
pISSN - 1867-3880
DOI - 10.1002/cctc.201501172
Subject(s) - lewis acids and bases , catalysis , chemistry , aniline , succinic anhydride , homogeneous , lewis acid catalysis , carboxylic acid , heterogeneous catalysis , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , thermodynamics
In the 20 types of heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts screened, Nb 2 O 5 showed the highest activity for the synthesis of N ‐phenylsuccinimide by dehydrative condensation of succinic anhydride and aniline. Nb 2 O 5 was used in the direct imidation of a wide range of carboxylic anhydrides with NH 3 or amines with various functional groups and could be reused. Kinetic studies showed that the Lewis acid Nb 2 O 5 catalyst was more water tolerant than both the Lewis acidic oxide TiO 2 and the homogeneous Lewis acid ZrCl 4 , which resulted in higher yields of imides through the use of Nb 2 O 5 .