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Dual Lewis Acidic/Basic Pd 0.5 Ru 0.5 –Poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) Alloyed Nanoparticle: Outstanding Catalytic Activity and Selectivity in Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction
Author(s) -
Kutubi Md. Shahajahan,
Sato Katsutoshi,
Wada Kenji,
Yamamoto Tomokazu,
Matsumura Syo,
Kusada Kohei,
Kobayashi Hirokazu,
Kitagawa Hiroshi,
Nagaoka Katsutoshi
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemcatchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.497
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1867-3899
pISSN - 1867-3880
DOI - 10.1002/cctc.201500758
Subject(s) - bifunctional , catalysis , chemistry , reactivity (psychology) , 2 pyrrolidone , nanoparticle , leaching (pedology) , selectivity , palladium , turnover number , heterogeneous catalysis , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry , medicinal chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , medicine , alternative medicine , environmental science , pathology , soil science , soil water
This article anticipates the development of dual Lewis acidic/basic alloyed nanoparticle (NP) of poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone)‐stabilized Pd 0.5 Ru 0.5 solid solution, revealing equivalent Pd δ + and Ru δ − on the NP surface. This unsupported NP disclosed excellent catalytic efficiency with high turnover frequency, 15 000 h −1 in Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling under notable drop of both Pd loading (0.08 mol %) and time (5 min) in air, attributed for its bifunctional acidic/basic modes. The bifunctional modes exposed the most interesting new reaction mechanism ascribed by the inductive effects of p ‐substituents in arylboronic acid, accelerated reactivity by electron‐withdrawing group, revealing an opposite reactivity trend relative to other Pd‐based catalysts. Besides, the significant drops of Pd loading and reaction time impeded the metal leaching associated with no changes in NP surface composition/structure after the 3rd cycle (>99 % efficiency), revealing a line‐up for this NP in the environmental sustainability.