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V x O y Supported on Hydrophobic Poly(Ionic Liquid)s as an Efficient Catalyst for Direct Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol
Author(s) -
Han Hongling,
Jiang Tao,
Wu Tianbin,
Yang Dexin,
Han Buxing
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemcatchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.497
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1867-3899
pISSN - 1867-3880
DOI - 10.1002/cctc.201500639
Subject(s) - catalysis , ionic liquid , benzene , phenol , bromide , chemistry , divinylbenzene , selectivity , yield (engineering) , polymerization , polymer chemistry , vanadium , styrene , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , polymer , organic chemistry , copolymer , materials science , metallurgy
Supported vanadium oxides (V x O y ) on hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs), for which the PILs were obtained by copolymerization of the ionic liquid (IL) 1‐hexadecyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium bromide and the cross‐linker divinylbenzene (DVB), are reported. The V x O y /PIL catalyst was characterized by different techniques, and the performance of the catalyst for the selective oxidation of benzene to phenol was studied with H 2 O 2 as the oxidant. It was demonstrated that V x O y /PIL had much better catalytic performance than the analogous catalyst V x O y /P, prepared with the polymer support (P) obtained from DVB and vinyl imidazole, without the IL. The high activity and selectivity of the V x O y /PIL catalyst could be attributed to the incorporation of the IL during the polymerization, which endowed the V x O y /PIL catalyst with increased specific surface area, stronger absorbent ability, and more active sites than the smooth and bulky V x O y /P. Furthermore, the hydrophobic side chain of the IL in the catalyst was beneficial for the access of benzene and the removal of the generated phenol from the surface of the catalyst, which also played an important role in improving the catalytic performance of V x O y /PIL. Up to 13.4 % yield of phenol was achieved, with a high selectivity of 97.5 %. In addition, the catalyst could be easily separated and recycled at least three times without significant decline in the phenol yield.