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Clinical outcomes of percutaneous debulking of tricuspid valve endocarditis in intravenous drug users
Author(s) -
Akhtar Yasir N.,
Walker William A.,
Shakur Umar,
Smith Gary,
Husnain Syed S.,
Adigun Shade F.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
catheterization and cardiovascular interventions
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.988
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1522-726X
pISSN - 1522-1946
DOI - 10.1002/ccd.29584
Subject(s) - medicine , septic shock , surgery , percutaneous , debulking , endocarditis , bacteremia , respiratory failure , intracardiac injection , shock (circulatory) , radiology , sepsis , ovarian cancer , cancer , antibiotics , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Objectives A retrospective case series of a percutaneous approach to debulk tricuspid valve endocarditis (TVE) using an 8 French mechanical aspiration system in patients with a history of intravenous drug use (IVDU) was reported. IVDU associated TVE is increasing in the United States and is associated with high mortality despite early surgical debridement. Patients with advanced disease, shock, and respiratory failure may not be candidates for surgical debridement or replacement. These patients have recurrent events despite medical therapy Methods About 25 patients with IVDU associated TVE with persistent bacteremia confirmed by repeat blood cultures after 72 hr of sensitivity directed antibiotics and presence of pulmonary emboli confirmed by computed tomographic (CT) scan, who had undergone percutaneous aspiration were included. Patients were all deemed high risk for surgical debridement by a CT surgeon and evaluated by an infectious disease consultant. Procedures were performed under moderate sedation with intracardiac echo and a steerable guide with a CAT8 Penumbra aspiration catheter. Results There were no intraprocedural deaths or complications. About 36% had septic shock on presentation. Survival of index hospitalization was 88%. Repeat blood cultures showed no growth on all surviving patients. Readmission rate was 4% ( n = 1) at 1 month. About 40% ( n = 2) patients with septic shock survived at 1 month compared with 100% survival ( n = 20) in those without shock. Presence of septic shock was associated with reduced survival at 1 month ( p < .01). Conclusion Percutaneous mechanical aspiration with an 8 Fr system is a feasible, minimally invasive alternative to surgical debulking. Mortality remains high in those presenting with septic shock. Further studies are needed to evaluate long‐term outcomes.