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Exosomes: Isolation, characterization, and biomedical applications
Author(s) -
Alzhrani Ghadi N.,
Alanazi Sarah T.,
Alsharif Sumayyah Y.,
Albalawi Amani M.,
Alsharif Anwar A.,
AbdelMaksoud Mohamed S.,
Elsherbiny Nehal
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
cell biology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.932
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1095-8355
pISSN - 1065-6995
DOI - 10.1002/cbin.11620
Subject(s) - microvesicles , extracellular vesicles , isolation (microbiology) , exocytosis , nucleic acid , microbiology and biotechnology , biological fluids , intracellular , exosome , biology , secretion , chemistry , computational biology , microrna , biochemistry , bioinformatics , chromatography , gene
Exosomes are nano‐sized bioactive vesicles of 30–150 nm in diameter. They are secreted by exocytosis of nearly all type of cells in to the extracellular fluid. Thereby, they can be found in many biological fluids. Exosomes regulate intracellular communication between cells via delivery of their cargo which include lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid. Many desirable features of exosomes made them promising candidates in several therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss the use of exosomes as diagnostic tools and their possible biomedical applications. Additionally, current techniques used for isolation, purification, and characterization of exosomes from both biological fluids and in vitro cell cultures were discussed.