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Mesenchymal stromal cell‐derived extracellular vesicles as cell‐free biologics for the ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells
Author(s) -
Budgude Pallavi,
Kale Vaijayanti,
Vaidya Anuradha
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
cell biology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.932
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1095-8355
pISSN - 1065-6995
DOI - 10.1002/cbin.11313
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , paracrine signalling , stromal cell , stem cell , haematopoiesis , extracellular vesicle , ex vivo , bone marrow , hematopoietic stem cell , biology , cancer research , microvesicles , transplantation , chemistry , in vivo , immunology , medicine , microrna , biochemistry , receptor , surgery , gene
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the ultimate choice of treatment for patients with hematological diseases and cancer. The success of HSCT is critically dependent on the number and engraftment efficiency of the transplanted donor hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Various studies show that bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) support hematopoiesis and also promote ex vivo expansion of HSCs. MSCs exert their therapeutic effect through paracrine activity, partially mediated through extracellular vesicles (EVs). Although the physiological function of EVs is not fully understood, inspiring findings indicate that MSC‐derived EVs can reiterate the hematopoiesis, supporting the ability of MSCs by transferring their cargo containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to the HSCs. The activation state of the MSCs or the signaling mechanism that prevails in them also defines the composition of their EVs, thereby influencing the fate of HSCs. Modulating or preconditioning MSCs to achieve a specific composition of the EV cargo for the ex vivo expansion of HSCs is, therefore, a promising strategy that can overcome several challenges associated with the use of naïve/unprimed MSCs. This review aims to speculate upon the potential role of preconditioned/primed MSC‐derived EVs as “cell‐free biologics,” as a novel strategy for expanding HSCs in vitro.