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The Molecular Tête‐à‐Tête between G‐Quadruplexes and the i‐motif in the Human Genome
Author(s) -
Sengupta Pallabi,
Bose Debopriya,
Chatterjee Subhrangsu
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chembiochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.05
H-Index - 126
eISSN - 1439-7633
pISSN - 1439-4227
DOI - 10.1002/cbic.202000703
Subject(s) - computational biology , g quadruplex , motif (music) , biology , nucleic acid , structural motif , carcinogenesis , genome , human genome , gene , dna , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , biochemistry , physics , acoustics
G‐Quadruplex (GQ) and i‐motif structures are the paradigmatic examples of nonclassical tetrastranded nucleic acids having multifarious biological functions and widespread applications in therapeutics and material science. Recently, tetraplexes emerged as promising anticancer targets due to their structural robustness, gene‐regulatory roles, and predominant distribution at specific loci of oncogenes. However, it is arguable whether the i‐motif evolves in the complementary single‐stranded region after GQ formation in its opposite strand and vice versa. In this review, we address the prerequisites and significance of the simultaneous and/or mutually exclusive formation of GQ and i‐motif structures at complementary and sequential positions in duplexes in the cellular milieu. We discussed how their dynamic interplay Sets up cellular homeostasis and exacerbates carcinogenesis. The review gives insights into the spatiotemporal formation of GQ and i‐motifs that could be harnessed to design different types of reporter systems and diagnostic platforms for potential bioanalytical and therapeutic intervention.