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Cover Feature: Unveiling Two Consecutive Hydroxylations: Mechanisms of Aromatic Hydroxylations Catalyzed by Flavin‐Dependent Monooxygenases for the Biosynthesis of Actinorhodin and Related Antibiotics (ChemBioChem 5/2020)
Author(s) -
Hashimoto Makoto,
Taguchi Takaaki,
Ishikawa Kazuki,
Mori Ryuichiro,
Hotta Akari,
Watari Susumu,
Katakawa Kazuaki,
Kumamoto Takuya,
Okamoto Susumu,
Ichinose Koji
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chembiochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.05
H-Index - 126
eISSN - 1439-7633
pISSN - 1439-4227
DOI - 10.1002/cbic.202000077
Subject(s) - actinorhodin , monooxygenase , polyketide , flavin group , stereochemistry , chemistry , oxidoreductase , reductase , biocatalysis , biosynthesis , biochemistry , catalysis , enzyme , cytochrome p450 , ionic liquid
The cover feature picture shows the biosynthetic pathway of actinorhodin (ACT), a polycyclic polyketide antibiotic pigmented with sky‐blue. The ACT monomer is derived from eight “chicks” of malonyl‐CoA by a series of tailoring steps including key stepwise dihydroxylations (black arrows) catalyzed by ActVA‐5 (green), the oxygenase component of the ActVA‐5/ActVB hydroxylase system. ActVA‐5 products can be autoxidized, but ActVB flavin reductase (pink), which supplies ActVA‐5 with a reduced cofactor, FMNH 2 , reduces quinone‐form shunt products to hydroquinone intermediates (red arrows). The tricyclic product is dimerized to generate the product “bluebird”, ACT. More information can be found in the communication by K. Ichinose et al. on page 623 in Issue 5, 2020 (DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900490).