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Flavin‐Dependent Monooxygenases NotI and NotI′ Mediate Spiro‐Oxindole Formation in Biosynthesis of the Notoamides
Author(s) -
Fraley Amy E.,
Tran Hong T.,
Kelly Samantha P.,
Newmister Sean A.,
Tripathi Ashootosh,
Kato Hikaru,
Tsukamoto Sachiko,
Du Lei,
Li Shengying,
Williams Robert M.,
Sherman David H.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chembiochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.05
H-Index - 126
eISSN - 1439-7633
pISSN - 1439-4227
DOI - 10.1002/cbic.202000004
Subject(s) - stereochemistry , oxindole , flavin group , monooxygenase , enantiopure drug , biosynthesis , chemistry , bostrichidae , moiety , biology , enantioselective synthesis , biochemistry , botany , gene , enzyme , cytochrome p450 , catalysis , pest analysis
The fungal indole alkaloids are a unique class of complex molecules that have a characteristic bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring and frequently contain a spiro ‐ oxindole moiety. While various strains produce these compounds, an intriguing case involves the formation of individual antipodes by two unique species of fungi in the generation of the potent anticancer agents (+)‐ and (−)‐notoamide A. NotI and NotI′ have been characterized as flavin‐dependent monooxygenases that catalyze epoxidation and semi‐pinacol rearrangement to form the spiro‐oxindole center within these molecules. This work elucidates a key step in the biosynthesis of the notoamides and provides an evolutionary hypothesis regarding a common ancestor for production of enantiopure notoamides.