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Synthetic Arabinomannan Heptasaccharide Glycolipids Inhibit Biofilm Growth and Augment Isoniazid Effects in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Author(s) -
Maiti Krishnagopal,
Syal Kirtimaan,
Chatterji Dipankar,
Jayaraman Narayanaswamy
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chembiochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.05
H-Index - 126
eISSN - 1439-7633
pISSN - 1439-4227
DOI - 10.1002/cbic.201700247
Subject(s) - mycobacterium smegmatis , glycolipid , biofilm , chemistry , isoniazid , mycobacterium , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , stereochemistry , bacteria , mycobacterium tuberculosis , biology , tuberculosis , medicine , pathology , genetics
Biofilm formation, involving attachment to an adherent surface, is a critical survival strategy of mycobacterial colonies in hostile environmental conditions. Here we report the synthesis of heptasaccharide glycolipids based on mannopyranoside units anchored on to a branched arabinofuranoside core. Two types of glycolipids—2,3‐branched and 2,5‐branched—were synthesized and evaluated for their efficacies in inhibiting biofilm growth by the non‐pathogenic mycobacterium variant Mycobacterium smegmatis . Biofilm formation was inhibited at a minimum biofilm growth inhibition concentration (MBIC) of 100 μg mL −1 in the case of the 2,5‐branched heptasaccharide glycolipid. Further, we were able to ascertain that a combination of the drug isoniazid with the branched heptasaccharide glycolipid (50 μg mL −1 ) potentiates the drug, making it three times more effective, with an improved MBIC of 30 μg mL −1 . These studies establish that synthetic glycolipids not only act as inhibitors of biofilm growth, but also provide a synergistic effect when combined with significantly lowered concentrations of isoniazid to disrupt the biofilm structures of the mycobacteria.