Contextual Compound Screening for Improved Therapeutic Discovery

Abstract Cellular behaviors are governed by combinations of systemic and microenvironmental factors; together, these regulate cell signaling responses to growth factors. This contextual microenvironmental influence also determines drug sensitivity. Hence using in vitro systems that model contextual cellular behavior is highly beneficial for effective therapeutic development. Angiogenesis (formation of blood vessels) is driven by a series of dynamic endothelial cell signaling responses to growth factors under the influence of the vascular extracellular matrix and adjacent pericytes. In vitro primary human vascular cell co‐cultures self‐assemble into capillary‐like structures through reciprocal heterotypic interactions that mimic angiogenic context dynamics. By using temporal live‐cell imaging‐based analysis, unique angiogenic microenvironments can be delineated to quantify the contextual activity of compound inhibitors. We used this in vitro organotypic contextual screening approach to conduct structure–activity relationship analysis on a combretastatin A‐4 analogue series to identify novel compounds with potent vascular disrupting activity in vivo.