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The Development of Selective Inhibitors of NagZ: Increased Susceptibility of Gram‐Negative Bacteria to β‐Lactams
Author(s) -
Stubbs Keith A.,
Bacik JohnPaul,
PerleyRobertson G. Evan,
Whitworth Garrett E.,
Gloster Tracey M.,
Vocadlo David J.,
Mark Brian L.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
chembiochem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.05
H-Index - 126
eISSN - 1439-7633
pISSN - 1439-4227
DOI - 10.1002/cbic.201300395
Subject(s) - bacteria , gram negative bacteria , chemistry , gram positive bacteria , gram , microbiology and biotechnology , combinatorial chemistry , biology , stereochemistry , antibiotics , biochemistry , escherichia coli , genetics , gene
The increasing incidence of inducible chromosomal AmpC β‐lactamases within the clinic is a growing concern because these enzymes deactivate a broad range of even the most recently developed β‐lactam antibiotics. As a result, new strategies are needed to block the action of this antibiotic resistance enzyme. Presented here is a strategy to combat the action of inducible AmpC by inhibiting the β‐glucosaminidase NagZ, which is an enzyme involved in regulating the induction of AmpC expression. A divergent route facilitating the rapid synthesis of a series of N‐acyl analogues of 2‐acetamido‐2‐deoxynojirimycin is reported here. Among these compounds are potent NagZ inhibitors that are selective against functionally related human enzymes. These compounds reduce minimum inhibitory concentration values for β‐lactams against a clinically relevant Gram‐negative bacterium bearing inducible chromosomal AmpC β‐lactamase, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The structure of a NagZ–inhibitor complex provides insight into the molecular basis for inhibition by these compounds.