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Characterization of human adipose tissue‐derived stromal cells isolated from diabetic patient's distal limbs with critical ischemia
Author(s) -
Kočí Zuzana,
Turnovcová Karolína,
Dubský Michal,
Baranovičová Lenka,
Holáň Vladimír,
Chudíčková Milada,
Syková Eva,
Kubinová Šárka
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
cell biochemistry and function
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.933
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1099-0844
pISSN - 0263-6484
DOI - 10.1002/cbf.3056
Subject(s) - adipose tissue , medicine , stromal cell , stem cell , mesenchymal stem cell , cxcr4 , fgf21 , stromal cell derived factor 1 , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology , chemokine , pathology , biology , inflammation , fibroblast growth factor , microbiology and biotechnology , receptor
Adipose tissue is an abundant source of autologous adult stem cells that may bring new therapeutic perspectives on the treatment of diabetes and its complications. It is unclear whether adipose tissue‐derived stromal cells (ASCs) of diabetic patients, constantly influenced by hyperglycaemia, have the same properties as non‐diabetic controls. As an alternative source of ASCs, adipose tissue from distal limbs of diabetic patients with critical ischemia was isolated. ASCs were characterized in terms of cell surface markers, multilineage differentiation and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), chemokine‐related genes and compared with non‐diabetic controls. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed mesenchymal phenotypes in both diabetic and non‐diabetic ASCs. Nevertheless, 40% of diabetic and 20% of non‐diabetic ASC samples displayed high expressions of fibroblast marker, which inversely correlated with the expression of CD105. In diabetic patients, significantly decreased expression of VEGFA and chemokine receptor CXCR4 was found in fibroblast‐positive ASCs, compared with their fibroblast‐negative counterparts. Reduced osteogenic differentiation and the downregulation of chemokine CXCL12 were found in fibroblast‐negative diabetic ASCs. Both diabetic and non‐diabetic ASCs were differentiated into adipocytes and chondrocytes and did not reveal islet‐like cell differentiation. According to this study, adipose tissue from distal limbs of diabetic patients is not satisfactory as an autologous ASC source. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Hyperglycaemic milieu as well as other metabolic disorders linked to diabetes may have an influence on endogenous stem cell properties. The present study investigated the feasibility of autologous stem cell therapy in diabetic patients. ASCs isolated from the ischemic limb of diabetic patients were found to be less potent when compared phenotypically and functionally to control non‐diabetic counterparts with no signs of limb ischemia. High expression of fibroblast markers associated with reduced expression of VEGFA as well as reduced osteogenic differentiation may have an impact on the effectiveness of autologous cell therapies in diabetic patients.